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Methane Biogas a Fuel for the Future
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Biogas methane is methane created from biologically created organic matter.
The important thing to remember is that the term has entered common usage through the need to distinguish biogas derived methane from fossil fuel methane.
In addition to the biogas methane energy sources usually talked about, there are others which are not mineral gas created and these are either natural and un-natural in their origins, as follows:-
1. Landfill gas from landfills
2. Gas from organic rich mud deposits in the sea
3. Gas emitted from rotting peat bogs and marshes
4. Gas from farm animals especially cows wtc.
Anaerobic decomposition in all these cases, produces methane biogas. The biogas production process which is usually inferred when people talk about methane biogas is anaerobic Digestion which consists of feeding biomass to a large digester, where methane-producing bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, convert it into the energy-rich biogas.
Methane biogas technology is a renewable energy technology that uses various forms of biomass (animal dung, crop waste) and converts it into a useful energy source in the form of biogas (about 70% methane) via anaerobic microbial digestion. This produces a mixture of gases, primarily methane and carbon dioxide, and a nutrient-rich slurry. The methane gas rises into the gas holder where it is contained by a water seal. When the mixture of methane and air (oxygen) burn a blue flame is emitted, producing large amount of heat energy.
It's a renewable and decentralized alternative to the other methane-based fuel, natural gas, which is predominantly used toady. Biogas production is believed to have begun in India two hundred years ago.
Livestock manure that is handled as liquid and slurry decomposes anaerobically, which produces "off-gases" like methane. Cow dung gas is 55-65% methane, 30-35% carbon dioxide, with some hydrogen, nitrogen and other traces. Natural gas consists of around 80 % methane, yielding a bigger heat output.
Millions of cubic metres of biogas methane in the form of swamp gas or biogas are produced every year by the decomposition of organic matter, both animal and vegetable.
The pathway of methane formation is at times by Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. The various microbial groups involved in the flow of carbon from complex polymers to methane-based model are described by McInerney and Bryant in their excellent papers.
Observations on biogas production from food industry wastes and from different biomass have shown that pretreatment of feedstock improved the biogas yield and methane content from biomass-fed digesters. Biogas methane can also be used as fuel for vehicles, and is the cleanest biofuel available.
Methane biogas has in the past been more expensive to produce that simply drilling for natural gas and pumping vast quantities of natural gas to our homes and industries. Methane biogas needs “scrubbing” before it is clean enough to use in normal natural gas burning equipment.
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Want to know more about more about meathne biogas? Continue to see the fact filled Anaerobic Digestion Community web site where much more methane biogas digester information is available, and including solutions to biogas problems.
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